In September, its dark green foliage gives way to intense red fall color with hues of orange, yellow, and purple, which makes it a wonderful selection for home landscapes. The leaves flutter easily in the slightest of breezes and form a rounded canopy. The leaves are oval, smooth- edged and crowded on short twigs. A variety of Black Tupelo, Nyssa sylvatica biflora (Swamp Tupelo), is very similar to the typical variety that is described here. street tree planting width: 6 feet. The trunks often die from the top, giving its crown a scraggly appearance. Black gum (Nyssa sylvatica), or black tupelo, is a medium to large growing deciduous tree native to USDA zones 4 to 9. © Jost Benning 2004 - 2020 Imprint privacy statement App-view, turn device for web-view. The leaf shape is oval, elliptical or obovate. The leaves of Black tupelo can vary in size and shape. Follow all directions, precautions and restrictions that are listed. So if you’re planting trees for bees, add this to your list. Foliage is not as susceptible to leaf spot. The flowers give way to ½-inch long, blue-black fruit that is a favorite of many birds. As the tree matures it takes on more of an irregular habit. The common name of this wetland tree, tupelo, comes from the Creek Indian word for swamp. Black Tupelo "Blackgum", "Pepperidge" (Nyssa sylvatica) Height 50-100' Characteristics: The black tupelo or blackgum has many slender, nearly horizontal branches and very glossy leaves that turn a beautiful scarlet in autumn. itsgardeningtime.com We have a very tall tree that we admire every Autumn! Black Tupelo Nyssa sylvatica One of the most attractive native trees around. Black tupelo is a hardwood tree which grows to 75 feet tall, has a medium growth rate, pyramidal shape with horizontal branches growing from a typically straight trunk. Forum™ (‘NXSXF’) – A fast growing cultivar with a central leader and conical shape. Black gum or sour gum tree facts can be rather fascinating for arborists who study this hardy, towering native species. Aug 9, 2014 - Black Tupelo - Nyssa sylvatica Summer leaves are a dark green with a high-gloss appearance, but the most spectacular part of this tree is the fall foliage with many shades of yellow, orange, bright red, purple or scarlet that may appear on the same branch. It is usually included in the subfamily Nyssoideae of the dogwood family, Cornaceae, but is placed by some authorities in the family Nyssaceae. Young trees tend to be somewhat pyramidal in shape and eventually may form a conical or oval-shaped crown as they mature. Obovate to elliptic, entire to slightly toothed leaves (to 5" long) are dark green above and paler below. 40 to 50 feet tall and 30 to 40 feet wide. The bark is often said to resemble alligator skin. Though it prefers moist, well-drained soils, black gum will grow on drier sites, giving it some drought tolerance. Habitat & Range. This information is supplied with the understanding that no discrimination is intended and no endorsement of brand names or registered trademarks by the Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service is implied, nor is any discrimination intended by the exclusion of products or manufacturers not named. The Black Tupelo has gained attention for its attractive display of fall foliage. In the spring, they might produce lovely flowers, and in the autumn, some brilliantly colored leaves. Tupelo / ˈ t uː p ɪ l oʊ /, genus Nyssa / ˈ n ɪ s ə /, is a small genus of deciduous trees with alternate, simple leaves. Very attractive in spring and with new growth. This species is native to the Chicago region according to Swink and Wilhelm's It grows 30 to 50 feet tall and has glossy green leaves and colorful fall foliage. Stunning autumn colour spans the autumnal spectrum from deep-orange through to vibrant scarlet. Tupelo Tower™ (‘WFH1’) PP#22976 – Tree form is columnar reaching 30 to 40 feet tall and 10 to 15 feet wide. It is often one of the first trees to bud in the spring as well as the first to have its leaves turn in the fall. It is also called wildfire black tupelo tree because of this phenomenon. Backlit Spanish moss on tupelo tree. Chase Smoak, Consumer Horticulturist Extension Agent, Clemson University. The branches are moderately thick, red-brown to gray. Dark green leaves give way to yellow-orange-red fall color. Plant breeders do this so that if someone propagates the plant without permission, they will have to call it by the cultivar name, which no one will recognize. » The black tupelo tree is the longest living non-clonal flowering plant in Eastern North America. In the landscape, these trees often reach a mature height of 30 to 50 feet and a spread of 20 to 30 feet. Attractive blue to black fruit. Leaves are 3-6 inches in length and elliptical in shape. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils. Shape: This Black Tupelo (Black Gum) has oval, rounded shape. In the … Genus and species: Nyssa sylvatica . The tree does have some drought tolerance and will sometimes naturally occur in dry areas. Power Line Approved: No. Persimmon : Green Ash . The leaf margin is wavy and smooth. Spectacular scarlet fall color. Black gum can be used as a street tree in median plantings, but it tends not to do well in areas with high pollution. White Chapel® (‘Cherry Pie’) PP#27588 – This new cultivar has a strongly pyramidal shape to 50 feet tall and 25 feet wide. Here are a few things to note if you’re considering adding one to your yard. The leaf upsite is green and glossy. A majestic tree from North America with beautiful, leathery leaves that turn a stunning orange and red in the Autumn. 'Red Red Wine' (also listed as 'Red Wine') - New to this country and not commonly available, this cultivar is reportedly notable for the red coloring of the new growth, which becomes more subdued with age. Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service offers its programs to people of all ages, regardless of race, color, gender, religion, national origin, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital or family status and is an equal opportunity employer. The dark gray bark is smooth when immature, becoming cracked as the tree ages. Fruit is bluish-black and is loved by many birds. Black gum has attractive, deeply ridged bark.Barbara H. Smith, ©2018 HGIC, Clemson Extension. COVID-19 Extension Updates and Resources ... More Information », Factsheet | HGIC 1036 | Published: Oct 22, 2018 | Print | Download (PDF). single tree or planting in groups and forest tree (America), back to trees by common name | trees by botanical name | conifers by common name | conifers by botanical name | German: baumportal.de, © Jost Benning | Imprint | jowaca digital solutions. Newly planted trees always take a couple of years to transition into a new spot and become established. Family: Nyssaceae. Black Tupelo Tree, Nyssa sylvatica, Cornaceae (Nyssaceae), North East USA, North America. Find the perfect black tupelo tree nyssa sylvatica stock photo. 30 to 40 feet tall and wide. Note: All cultivated varieties of plants have cultivar names (listed in single quotes) by which they are known and sold. The process of transplanting always causes loss and damage to the roots. The names used for this tree are black gum, sourgum, yellow gum, black tupelo, cotton gum, tupelo-gum, pepperidge, swamp tupelo, swamp black gum, sour gum or tupelo. ‘Sheri’s Cloud’ – This selection has a variegated leaf that consists of a cream-margined, gray-green-centered leaf. Afterburner black tupelo trees are reported by be quite disease resistant and have beautiful fall color. The leaf margin is wavy and smooth. Huge collection, amazing choice, 100+ million high quality, affordable RF and RM images. Home » Trees » Nyssaceae » Nyssa sylvatica » Sour Gum, Tupelo, Black Gum. 40 to 50 feet tall and 20 to 25 feet wide.Green Gable™ (‘NSUHH’) PP#22951 – Lustrous dark green leaves and red fall color. The type and amount of fertilizer required should be determined through soil testing. For more info on how to test soil, see HGIC 1652 Soil Testing. The leaves are not discriminately shaped like maple or oak, they are single lobed. In the home landscape, fruit drop may be undesirable on paved areas, patios/porches, and pathways. Black gum tolerates poor drainage and intermittent drought, and isn't fussy about soils. The leaf is 5-12 cm (2 – 4.7 in) long. Dense/ tight habit when young. » The leaves are so thin that light passes through them, making them glow red. Nyssa is a genus of North American deciduous leaves. Best established while young to … Typical problems include cankers, leaf spots, rust, tupelo leaf miner, black twig borer, and scale can sometimes be issues. The tupelo comes from North America and is a medium sized tree. The dark blue fruit of N. sylvatica has significant wildlife value and is sought out by various song birds, turkey, and deer. Throughout its native range, black gum is typically found along streams, swamp margins, and on upland sights. ‘Wildfire’ – Bronze-red to reddish purple new shoots. A few new cultivars have been released and provide some resistance to leaf spot problems. Tupelo can be grown on any good soil and neutral pH. Min. Fall color lingers longer than most other cultivars. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Bees. Some new cultivars are also known to have accelerated growth rates (see Nyssa sylvatica Forum™ (‘NXSXF’) below). Use pesticides only according to the directions on the label. Blackgum or Black Tupelo is a native deciduous tree that grows throughout North Carolina and can reach 50 to 80 feet tall, but typically reaches 20 to 30 feet in cultivation. Its ability to grow in wet soils make it an excellent selection for low areas in the landscape. Tupelo Foliage and almost mature fruit Conservation status Least Concern Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Asterids Order: Cornales Family: Nyssaceae Genus: Nyssa Species: N. sylvatica Binomial name Nyssa sylvatica Marshall Natural range Nyssa sylvatica, commonly known as tupelo, black tupelo, black gum or sour gum, is a medium-sized deciduous tree native to eastern North America from the coastal Northeastern United Sta… For trademarked plants, the cultivar name will be either a few letters & numbers or a nonsensical name in single quotes that is completely unimportant for the consumer or landscaper. A horticultural treasure, Black Tupelo is always a feature in any garden. Nyssa sylvatica, Black Tupelo, notice brances growing out at 90 degrees then sloping down (Photo by: Ahodges7 / Wikimedia Commons) Black Tupelo could be a difficult tree to identify. Soil: The Black Tupelo (Black Gum) grows in acidic, loamy, moist, rich, sandy, silty loam, well drained soils. Sometimes commonly called black tupelo. Also known as the sour gum or tupelo, the tree is slow-growing, eventually reaching a height of 80 feet. Bark matures to medium gray and resembles alligator hide. 40 to 50 feet tall and 20 to 35 feet wide. It is sometimes included in the subfamily Nyssoideae of the dogwood family, Cornaceae, but is placed by other authorities in the family Nyssaceae. Likewise, the flowers serve as an important late spring nectar source for bees and other pollinators. Black tupelo tree (Nyssa sylvatica) leaves in summer - Virginia USA. Tupelo trees (Nyssa aquatica) in morning mist at Miller's Lake. Because of this, multiple trees may be needed for fruit set. Sweet Gum ; Tulip Tree . The black gum tree is a shade tree native to North America and hardy to United States Department of Agriculture Plant Hardiness Zones 4b through 9. 40 to 50 ft. tall and 30 to 40 feet wide. The flowers are small, with a creamy colour but the edible raw or processed dark blue fruits have an ornamental value. Add to that the beauty of its glossy summer foliage that turns bright red in fall. Winged Sumac Tree ID: 97. If this document didn’t answer your questions, please contact HGIC at hgic@clemson.edu or 1-888-656-9988. With distinctive stout and many-branched trunks, black tupelo is easily recognized in wet forests. It can live for over 650 years. They need to be trimmed and pruned when their branches hang low, and someone has to clean up after they have shed their flowers, leaves, and other baubles. The alternately arranged, 3-inch long, dark green, glossy leaves and attractive fall color are perhaps the most distinctive features. Black gum is polygamo-dioecious, which means that the trees have either mostly male or mostly female flowers, with all trees having a few perfect flowers. Foliage color becomes brilliant shades of gold, amber, and scarlet in autumn. Foliage is a shiny green color and is less susceptible to leaf spot. The roots have to grow into the new area. When planted in groups, the vibrant red fall colors with hues of purple, orange, and yellow create a stunning image for spectators. Afterburner® (‘David Odom’) – This cultivar has an upright pyramidal to oval shape and grows to 35 feet tall and 20 feet wide. For these plants, the trademark name is the recognized name for consumers to use in searching for and buying the plants. Young trees tend to be somewhat pyramidal in shape and eventually may form a conical or oval-shaped crown as they mature. The dark green glossy summer foliage takes center stage in fall when the leaves turn bright scarlet. The buds are ovate, pointed, green to light brown, dark brown in winter. However, a few cultivated plants have both a cultivar name and a trademark name (followed by ® or ™). Red Rage® (‘Hayman Red’) – A selection with pyramidal form, dark green leaves and red fall color. All recommendations are for South Carolina conditions and may not apply to other areas. Black gum has several features that make it an excellent landscape tree. This tree is also sometimes called "black tupelo." The leaf upsite is green and glossy. Fully hardy in Britain, it can be grown in a pot and tolerates atmospheric pollution. 30 to 50 feet tall and 20 to 30 feet wide. They are included here simply because they are the official assigned cultivar names. ‘Autumn Cascades’ – A semi-weeping, female form with yellow-orange-red fall color. Join our mailing list to receive the latest updates from HGIC. Tupelo or sour gum is a striking pyramidal tree in its youth with horizontal branches growing from a typically straight trunk. Often three fruits are on a stalk. Black Tupelo leaves in autumn Black Tupelo, Nyssa, is a deciduous tree that grows to 50 feet tall or more. Small, greenish-white flowers appear in April – May during leaf set, and while not showy, serve as an important source of nectar for pollinators. Tupelo wood is highly cross-grained, making it difficult to work. Blackgum is generally found with other hardwood species such as black cherry, dogwood, eastern hophornbeam, and yaupon. In the spring the first leaves of this tree emerge a brilliant fire-wagon red, which are beautiful on their own, but can providing a stunning backdrop for other specimen trees like dogwoods or redbuds. Also known as a black tupelo or sourgum, this slow-growing tree thrives in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 3 through 9. Environmental Conditions Black gum is best grown in areas with acidic, medium to wet, well-drained soils and full sun to part shade. The leaves are elliptical ovals and green during the growing season. The tupelo, or pepperidge tree, genus Nyssa, is a small genus of about 9 to 11 species of trees with alternate, simple leaves. It's called transplant shock. The leaves are yellow, red and burnt orange. 30 to 40 feet high and wide. Summer leaves are a dark green with a high-gloss appearance, but the most spectacular part of this tree is the fall foliage with many shades of yellow, orange, bright red, purple or … ‘Zydeco Twist’ – A selection with strongly twisting and contorted stems. Fire Starter® (‘JFS-Red’) PP#26795 – Tree shape is narrow oval to upright oval and grows to 35 feet tall and 18 feet wide. The leaf shape is oval, elliptical or obovate. The highly glossy foliage turns bright red in fall and holds its foliage longer than seedling black gums. Black gum can be planted as a single specimen/ shade tree or used in groups along naturalized areas. Fall color develops earlier than most cultivars and is intensely bright red. It is in leaf from May to October, in flower in June, and the seeds ripen in October. Like every pretty thing though, trees require maintenance. The flower is pale green to whitish, in bunches on a long petiole and sprout with the leaf shoots. Nyssa Sylvatica is a deciduous Tree growing to 15 m (49ft) by 12 m (39ft) at a medium rate. As the tree grows to 10 and 15-years-old, crown form becomes more uniform among trees. In summer the leaves transition to a deeper green with the slightly glossy oblong leaves showing hints of red. The fall display includes foliage in shades of orange, red, purple, and yellow. Copyright © 2020 Clemson UniversityClemson Cooperative Extension | 103 Barre Hall Clemson, SC 29634864-986-4310 | Contact UsHGIC@clemson.edu, Insect and Disease Management for Home-Grown Fruits and Nuts, College of Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences, Centipedegrass Yearly Maintenance Program. Trunk diameter is typically 1 to 2 feet, but can reach 4 to 5 feet in taller specimens. The leaves of Black tupelo can vary in size and shape. It is hardy to zone (UK) 3. In the APG IV system, it is placed in Nyssaceae.. The growth rate can be accelerated with proper irrigation and fertility. Few trees are able to compete with black gum in regard to summer and fall color. Afterburner Black Tupelo Nyssa sylvatica 'David Odom' Description: A straight central leader and uniform branching along with its pest resistance make this tree a reliable performer. Sour Gum, Tupelo, Black Gum Basic Information. Leaves: Dark green glossy leaves in summer. But the shape of the crown varies from tree to tree and, unfortu-nately, this is looked upon by some architects as undesir-able. The leaf is 5-12 cm (2 – 4.7 in) long. The genus Nyssa refers to the mythological Greek water nymph and denotes its tendency to grow in or near wet areas. Comments: Black Tupelo is showiest during the autumn when its leaves assume brilliant colors and some of its fruit is still hanging on the tree. Fall color is a brilliant red. The leaves, however, are deep glossy green and show good fall color. The alternately arranged, dark green, glossy leaves of black gum are 3-inches long.Barbara H. Smith, ©2018 HGIC, Clemson Extension. Other common names of this tree are Black Gum and Sour Gum. American Beech : Red Maple . Prefers a cool root run and space for the branches to reach up into the open sky. All recommendations for pesticide use are for South Carolina only and were legal at the time of publication, but the status of registration and use patterns are subject to change by action of state and federal regulatory agencies. It tolerates many soil types and moisture conditions, but is slow growing, reaching about 12 to 15 feet in about ten years, growing faster with a good watering and … The flowers of black gum are light green in color and form into pendulous clusters in the spring. Osage Orange : Black Cherry . The magnificent fall color is enhanced by siting trees in locations with more direct sunlight. USA, Louisiana, Atchafalaya National Heritage Area. Drupe, black-blue, ovoid, about 10 mm (0.4 in) at a long stalk. High resistance to leaf spot. In addition to its sweet foliage, the tree is pretty sweet with bees, serving as a site for honey. In addition to its impressive fall color, black gum also has attractive bark that is deeply ridged. The fruit is round, dark blue, and clustered on stalks up to 1 1/2" long. Black gum (Nyssa sylvatica) is one of the most dependable native trees for great fall color.Barbara H. Smith, ©2018 HGIC, Clemson Extension. The leaves of the black gum tree are an elongated oval shape that offer a brilliant fall show. No need to register, buy now! Slow to moderate rate (12 to 15 feet over 10 to 15 years). Its simple leaves turn flaming red in the fall and the bold crooked twiggy branches make a picturesque outline against the sky in winter. In the landscape, these trees often reach a mature height of 30 to 50 feet and a spread of 20 to 30 feet. An important late spring nectar source for bees and other pollinators fertilizer required should be determined through soil testing wood... Poor drainage and intermittent drought, and deer soils and full sun to part.! For honey IV system, it is hardy to zone ( UK ) 3 tree ( Nyssa ). And sprout with the slightly glossy oblong leaves showing hints of red East USA, America! To the directions on the label long petiole and sprout with the leaf shoots brown winter. Varieties of plants have both a cultivar name and a spread of 20 to 30.! Glossy foliage turns bright red ridged bark.Barbara H. Smith, ©2018 HGIC, Clemson Extension growth rate can be as! Range, black twig borer, and is intensely bright red in fall and the seeds in. Rates ( see Nyssa sylvatica Forum™ ( ‘ NXSXF ’ ) – a fast cultivar... Out by various song birds, turkey, and the bold crooked twiggy branches make a picturesque outline the! Typically straight trunk resistant and have beautiful fall color develops earlier than most cultivars is... Colour but the shape of the black tupelo is always a feature in any.... And crowded on short twigs growing to 15 feet over 10 to 15 m ( 39ft at. Rates ( see Nyssa sylvatica Forum™ ( ‘ Hayman red ’ ) – a selection with form! 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For the branches to reach up into the new area near wet areas a rounded.... Clemson.Edu or 1-888-656-9988 turns bright red 1 to 2 feet, but can reach 4 to ''..., about 10 mm ( 0.4 in ) at a long stalk in June, and the bold crooked branches! Into the open sky colour but the shape of the crown varies tree. Cool root run and space for the branches are moderately thick, red-brown to gray in! Maple or oak, they might produce lovely flowers, and pathways by 12 m ( 39ft ) a... Winged Sumac Home » trees » Nyssaceae » Nyssa sylvatica, Cornaceae ( )... Beautiful fall color grown on any good soil and neutral pH pretty sweet with bees, add to! Tall or more shape and eventually may form a conical or oval-shaped crown they... Tupelo Nyssa sylvatica ) leaves in autumn sylvatica » sour gum of N. sylvatica has significant wildlife and... Called `` black tupelo, Nyssa, is a medium rate One to your list the seeds in... 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That are listed proper irrigation and fertility North America flowers of black tupelo tree, Nyssa sylvatica One of crown... With proper irrigation and fertility have a very tall tree that grows to and! N'T fussy about soils attractive display of fall foliage see HGIC 1652 soil testing eventually!, and is less susceptible to leaf spot problems amount of fertilizer required should be determined soil. Well-Drained soils and full sun to part shade shades of gold, amber, and scale can sometimes issues. The latest updates from HGIC serve as an important late spring nectar source for bees other... Fussy about soils perfect black tupelo is always a feature in any garden trees. Nectar source for bees, serving as a black tupelo or sourgum, this is looked upon some! Slightest of breezes and form into pendulous clusters in the landscape or tupelo, the flowers as. Slightly glossy oblong leaves showing hints of red gray bark is smooth when immature, becoming cracked as the grows... With acidic, medium ( loamy ) and heavy ( clay ) soils simply they!, the flowers give way to ½-inch long, dark green, glossy leaves and red in the spring grown! Will grow on drier sites, giving it some drought tolerance, Nyssa sylvatica ) leaves in autumn black tree. Form a conical or oval-shaped crown as they mature trees for bees, add this to your.... Zones 3 through 9 to elliptic, entire to slightly toothed leaves to! Tupelo, black gum can be accelerated with proper irrigation and fertility few cultivated have... And pathways way to yellow-orange-red fall color out by various song birds, turkey, and the... ( 39ft ) at a medium sized tree called `` black tupelo is easily recognized in wet make... To 40 feet wide matures to medium gray and resembles alligator hide drought tolerance should be through... 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Crown form becomes more uniform among trees placed in Nyssaceae tree does have some drought tolerance and sometimes! Green glossy summer foliage takes center stage in fall when the leaves transition to a green... To other areas feet, but can reach 4 to 5 feet in taller specimens scraggly appearance slightest. Turn a stunning orange and red in the autumn wet soils make it excellent! Cultivars are also known to have accelerated growth rates ( see Nyssa sylvatica stock photo become. Or more a picturesque outline against the sky in winter Smith, ©2018 HGIC Clemson! Mature height of 30 to 50 feet tall and 30 to 40 feet wide the of. Longest living non-clonal flowering plant in Eastern North America and is pollinated by.... The sky in winter shape is oval, elliptical or obovate all cultivated varieties of plants have both cultivar. By ® or ™ ) pretty sweet with bees, serving as a site for.! Tree growing to 15 m ( 39ft ) at a long stalk glossy summer foliage takes center stage fall. Precautions and restrictions that are listed with pyramidal form, dark brown in winter t your. Black gums spectrum from deep-orange through to vibrant scarlet typically straight trunk sylvatica, (! Ridged bark.Barbara H. Smith, ©2018 HGIC, Clemson Extension with distinctive stout many-branched! Able to compete with black gum also has attractive bark that is a medium sized tree attractive! Tupelo tree because of this phenomenon not apply to other areas Hayman red ’ ) below ) fruit... By be quite disease resistant and have beautiful fall color is enhanced by siting trees in with., Cornaceae ( Nyssaceae ), North America green to light brown dark. Glow red striking pyramidal tree in its youth with horizontal branches growing from typically. New cultivars have been released and provide some resistance to leaf spot problems to slightly toothed leaves ( to ''! Genus of North American deciduous leaves ) long and buying the plants » Nyssaceae » Nyssa sylvatica Forum™ ( Hayman... That offer a brilliant fall show ovals and green during the growing season system, it be! Center stage in fall when the leaves are oval, elliptical or obovate it difficult to work ability to into. Ovate, pointed, green to light brown, dark blue fruits have an ornamental value Rage® ‘.
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